The underlying issue is not Russia’s access to crude oil but its ability to convert crude into usable fuels. Refinery outages and infrastructure disruptions have constrained domestic production, forcing Russia to import products such as gasoline. In terms of magnitude, Russia’s import volume of oil products is not colossal. However, Russia, formerly the world’s largest oil-product exporter, now faces additional logistical costs The underlying issue is not Russia’s access to crude oil but its ability to convert crude into usable fuels. Refinery outages and infrastructure disruptions have constrained domestic production, forcing Russia to import products such as gasoline. In terms of magnitude, Russia’s import volume of oil products is not colossal. However, Russia, formerly the world’s largest oil-product exporter, now faces additional logistical costs
