Explained: The 12 reasons why Mumbai floods year after year

 Mumbai faces annual flooding due to extreme rainfall and its low-lying coastal geography. High tides impede stormwater drainage, while aging infrastructure struggles with increased rainfall intensity. Natural buffers like mangroves have diminished, and urban growth strains existing systems. Blocked drains and ongoing construction projects further exacerbate the flooding issues. Climate change is expected to worsen these challenges, requiring long-term planning. Mumbai faces annual flooding due to extreme rainfall and its low-lying coastal geography. High tides impede stormwater drainage, while aging infrastructure struggles with increased rainfall intensity. Natural buffers like mangroves have diminished, and urban growth strains existing systems. Blocked drains and ongoing construction projects further exacerbate the flooding issues. Climate change is expected to worsen these challenges, requiring long-term planning.